Bonelike Apatite Coating on Skeleton of Poly(lactic acid) Composite Sponge

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A novel sponge, coated with bonelike apatite (b-HA) on its skeleton surface, was prepared using a particle-leaching technique combined with a biomimetic processing. A powder mixture consisting of calcium carbonate/poly(lactic acid) composite (CCPC) and sucrose was hot-pressed and then the resulting compact was soaked in the simulated body fluid at 37°C. Within the first hour, the sucrose was completely dissolved out, resulting in the formation of large-sized pores in the compact, and subsequently, after 3 hours of soaking, b-HA formed on the skeleton consisting of CCPC. On the other hand, on a pore-free CCPC, the apatite started to form after 12∼18 hours. The induction period for b-HA formation on the skeleton of the CCPC sponge prepared using a particle-leaching technique is significantly shorter than that of the pore-free CCPC. The short period is suggested to originate from that a large amount of Ca2+ ion is rapidly supplied into the compartment space (pore) from the CCPC skeleton. The formed sponge has numerous, large pores of 450∼580 μm in diameter, which are connected with channels having a diameter in the range of 70∼120 μm, as well as a high porosity of 75%. Animal test using rats showed that the sponge has osteoconduction. The sponge is expected to be one of the promising candidates for osteoconducting fillers or tissue-engineering scaffolds.

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