Estimation of sedimentation depth and its history on backswamp of Kuchoro river, Kushiro mire, northeast Hokkaido

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  • 釧路湿原久著呂川後背湿地における土砂堆積履歴と堆積厚の推定
  • クシロ シツゲンクチョロガワ コウハイ シッチ ニ オケル ドシャ タイセキ リレキ ト タイセキコウ ノ スイテイ

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Abstract

We conducted a soil investigation to (1) describe the sedimentation history, (2) discuss the factors of sedimentation changes and (3) discuss the effects of sediment deposition on the sedimentation rate of the backswamp of the Kuchoro River in Japan, which delivers considerable amounts of sediment to the Kushiro mire from its catchment area. Carbon content profiles were produced from soil cores that were sampled along transects perpendicular to the river channels. The 137Cs concentration and the tephra layer (Ta-a) were used to detect layers deposited in 1963 and 1739, respectively. The results revealed that the backswamp of the Kuchoro River started receiving more sediment from about 1963. This increase in sediment is thought to be related to frequent flooding from 1957 to 1965. The amount of inorganic material in the sediment decreased with an increase in the distance from the river channel: 0.521 and 0.098kg/m2yr at distances of 150 and 250m from the river, respectively. However, sedimentation rates (cm/yr) were similar regardless of the amount of sediment deposited. This indicates that sedimentation rates were not affected by the sediment deposition that has increased from about 1963 at our study transect in backswamp of the Kuchoro River.

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