Conceptual patterns of movement by birds between patches in forest landscape(Feature Ecological process around "the boundary" between forest stands)

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  • 森林景観のパッチ間における鳥類の移動様式(<特集>森林の"境目"の生態的プロセスを探る)
  • 森林景観のパッチ間における鳥類の移動様式
  • シンリン ケイカン ノ パッチ カン ニ オケル チョウルイ ノ イドウ ヨウシキ

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Abstract

The distribution ranges of wildlife species are often fragmented into mosaics of habitat patches. Whether or not species are able to cross the boundaries of patches is crucial information for conservation planning. Thus, to advance understanding of bird behavioral abilities in fragmented landscapes, we constructed a conceptual framework for bird movement between patches based on previous studies. There are two important components of bird behavior on approaching a patch boundary: 1) recognition of the boundary, and 2) deciding between crossing the boundary or staying in the current patch. Birds are thought to recognize boundaries by the contrast, i.e., differences in vegetation structure between patches. Birds more readily recognize boundaries when there is high contrast between habitats on either side. Birds will make decisions on whether or not to cross to the other side depending on cost-benefit relationships of adjacent patches. The outcome of this two-step process may be used to assess the 'permeability' of a patch boundary for the bird species in question. Since birds have species-specific preferences for given patches, the permeability of a particular boundary will vary by bird species.

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