The Stratification System in a Fishing Village

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  • 漁村の階層構成
  • ギョソン ノ カイソウ コウセイ
  • -三陸沿岸の一漁村について-

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Abstract

This report constitutes a part of the research at Takenoura, a fishing village in fishery area of Sanriku, Tohoku district. <BR>We believe we can most clearly comprehend the social structure of relatively small community through the investigation of its stratification system. From such a point of view, we have performed the survey of the social structure of one fishing village as a community, taking a careful sight of the first consideration to its stratification system. It can be said taht the stratification system of the community members is ranked by their self-evaluating attitudes. According to this interpretation, in the first place we have seized its stratification system through the strata ranked subjectively by its own members (by means of the classification of the name cards of all the heads of families by the selected twelve informants). Thus through the ranking by themselves. we have been able to obtain the next nine strata; upper-upper, middle-upper, lower-upper, upper-middle, middle-middle, lower-middle, upper-lower, middle-lower, lower-lower. <BR>Secondly in order to clarify the internal structure of this stratification system, we have correlated the evaluated strata with three standards respectively which are chosen by observer; those are the economic scale, the family grade, and the power status. <BR>In consequence, we have been able to apprehend that in this fishing village the prestige hierarchy constituting the ground of the stratification system is first of all founded on ranking with the economic scale, and from there the power evaluation by its memders is also conceived by correlating with this scale. In contrast with this, the evaluation rested on the family grade in this community, though commonly available to define the estate, can be considered less effective in practice because of the absence of consciousness of it as the ranking scale of the stratification system. The reason, we believe, lies in that the hierarchy in this community, or generally speaking in the fishing villages more or less all over, is temporal, and so little tends toward crystallization owing to severe transition of fishery management.

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