“Inclusion”and“Exclusion” in Social Interaction Processes

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  • 相互作用過程における「包摂」と「排除」
  • ソウゴ サヨウ カテイ ニ オケル ホウセツ ト ハイジョ N ルーマン ノ パーソン ガイネン ト ノ カンケイ カラ
  • The Significance of the Concept“Person”in the Theory of N. Luhmann
  • N.ルーマンの「パーソン」概念との関係から

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This paper focuses on exclusion in social interactions and its characteristic problem, in which conflicts often occur around whether exclusion exists or does not exist. Applying Luhmann's concepts of “inclusion/exclusion” to social interactions, I explain the logical constitution of the genesis of this problematic issue.<BR>First, I consider the difficulty of analyzing exclusion in face-to-face situations. Since such exclusions do not necessarily involve naked aggression or abusive language, the realities of exclusion are often omitted from observations based on positivistic presuppositions. On the other hand, the social (communicative) aspects are ignored when we reduce exclusion to the subjectivity of the excluded.<BR>Using Luhmann's “inclusion/exclusion” concept in relation to “person.” “understanding, ” and “double contingency, ” we can bring into focus communicational prerequisites that can be considered as “struggles for meaning.” By approaching social interaction systems from this viewpoint, I outline the organization of interactions in which inclusions do not necessarily resolve exclusions, and argue that the relationship between inclusion and exclusion can never be considered as a simple binary code.

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