Ground Deformation Detection at Kuchinoerabujima Volcano by Continuous GPS with Simple Atmospheric Correction

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  • 口永良部島火山におけるGPS連続観測による気象要素を加味した3次元変位検出
  • クチノエラブジマ カザン ニ オケル GPS レンゾク カンソク ニ ヨル キショウ ヨウソ オ カミ シタ 3ジゲン ヘンイ ケンシュツ

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Abstract

Kuchinoerabujima, located in southwestern Japan, is an andesitic volcano where explosive eruptions have repeatedly occurred. Seismicity increased in 1996 and 1999, and inflation of the volcanic body was detected by GPS surveys during the period from 1995/96 to 2000 (Iguchi et al., 2002). We established a continuous GPS observation network in April, 2004 to study the relation between seismicity and ground deformation. Vertical component of a baseline with a particularly large elevation difference is influenced by water vapor in the atmosphere. In this study, a simple atmospheric correction method is proposed to detect an upheaval component of 1 cm order. After the correction, ground deformation starting at the beginning of January, 2005 is clearly recognized at an observation site near the summit crater. The ground deformation has progressed at a rate of about 1 cm per 100 days, and it may be caused by a presumed pressure source at a depth of 300m beneath the summit. The deformation corresponded to increase in seismicity of high-frequency events at depths shallower than 500m. It is inferred that these phenomena were caused by hydrothermal activity.

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