Structural Colored Gel

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A periodically ordered interconnecting porous structure can be embodied in a chemical gel by using a closest-packed colloidal crystal as a template. The interconnecting porosity not only provides a quick response but also endows the porous gel with structural color arising from coherent Bragg optical diffraction. The structural color revealed by porous gels can be regulated by several techniques, and thus it is feasible to obtain desirable, smart, soft materials. The swelling parameter of the polymer chains in the polymer network in response to the environment may be recognized through the variation in the color of the structural colored gel by using the fine colloidal crystal. The role of the volume interactions between the polymer chains in the gel can be estimated by simply measuring the length of the gel, based on the assumption that the subchains in the polymer network under the preparation conditions behave as unperturbed Gaussian coils. This means that it is possible to determine the change at the molecular level in the gel such as the swelling parameter of the polymer chains in the polymer network in response to the environment with the naked eye only when the gel is fabricated from specific a pre-gel solution and a colloidal crystal. The linear expansion factor of the subchains was assessed by comparing the positions of the diffraction peak (&lamda;max) in a given situation and the Gaussian state at temperatures lower than the LCST of the porous gel. The periodically ordered structure with a size corresponding to the wavelength of optical light allows us to detect the behavior of polymer chains through the structural color. This review focuses on the synthesis of the structural colored porous gel and on the visualizing conformations of subchains by creating optical wavelength-sized periodically ordered structure in hydrogel. The main portion of this article was previously published in Langmuir.

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