Age-Related Changes in Attentional Capacity and the Ability to Multi-Task as a Predictor for Falls in Adults Aged 75 Years and Older

DOI Web Site 被引用文献3件 参考文献52件 オープンアクセス
  • Makizako Hyuma
    Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology
  • Furuna Taketo
    School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University
  • Shimada Hiroyuki
    Research Team for Promoting Independence of the Elderly, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology
  • Ihira Hikaru
    School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University
  • Kimura Mika
    International Life Sciences Institute Japan
  • Oddsson Lars I.E.
    Sister Kenny Rehabilitation Institute, Sister Kenny Research Center
  • Suzuki Takao
    Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology

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[Purpose] Examine the age-related deterioration of attentional capacity and predictive validity of multi-tasking performances for falls in adults aged 75 and older. [Methods] This study involved 45 elderly individuals and 15 healthy and young volunteers. Reaction times to a visual stimulus were measured under three different conditions: 1) stepping in place (dual-tasking condition with dynamic balance demands); 2) counting backwards during quiet standing (dual-tasking condition with cognitive demands); and 3) counting backwards while stepping in place (triple-tasking condition). The participating elderly individuals reported subsequent falls after a 5-month follow-up period. [Results] Elderly adults demonstrated significantly longer reaction time responses in all task conditions in comparison to young adults. There were statistically significant differences in reaction times between fallers and non-fallers during dual-tasking conditions, but not during triple-tasking conditions. The slower reaction times during dual-tasking conditions with dynamic balance demands were significantly related to the occurrence of subsequent falls, whereas there was only a weak association in model-adjusted physical performance tests. [Conclusions] Attentional capacity in multi-tasking conditions decreases with aging. Slow reaction time response during dual-tasking conditions with dynamic balance demands may be a predictor of falls in adults aged 75 and older. <br>

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