茨城県鹿島半島南部砂丘地における堀下田の経営と畑作経営

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タイトル別名
  • THE MANAGEMENT OF THE “DUG-DOWN PADDY FIELDS” AND THE CULTIVATION OF DRY FIELDS ON THE KASHIMA COASTAL SAND DUNE, IBARAKI PREFECTURE
  • イバラキケン カシマ ハントウ ナンブ サキュウチ ニ オケル ホリ ゲデン ノ ケイエイ ト ハタサク ケイエイ

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抄録

There are a lot of “dug-down paddy fields” on the coastal sand dune in the southern part of the Kashima Peninsula. They are scattered in the region with pine trees aroud them. They constitute a peculiar landscape, which is well known to geographers. In the earliest days, farmers dug deep in the sand about one meter to develop pool-shaped dug-down paddy fields. In those days dug-down paddy fields were man-aged without irrigation and farmers often suffered severely from drought. They dug deeper repeatedly so that they could reach the underground water level. To-day, we can see such dug-down paddy fields which are two meters below the level of the surface of the neighbouring sand dune.<br> In 1932, centrifugal pumps driven by kerosene engine were introduced to employ free ground water instead of digging further downward. This plan of paddy farming, however, proved rather ineffective on account of the limited availability of these machines, which in those days were operated on a cooperative basis bacause of their expensiveness. After the end of World War II, the price of such farming machines became lower in comparision with the producer's price of rice. Nowadays, every farming household can afford them, so that the potentials of this type of paddy farming have been realized. They can now enjoy stable managment of farming.<br> The combination of a centrifugal pump and a kerosene engine has recently been imported into vegetable growing, resulting in the transformation from extensive cultivation to intensive one, as shown by the fact that the hitherto prevailing potato growing has been rapidly replaced by the forcing culture of more profitable vegetables, e. g., water-melon and spanish paprika.<br> The present writer analyzed the processes of stabilization of paddy agriculture through the introduction of centrifugal pump and kerosene engine and of the transformation of vegetable growing. To-day the form of land utilization in the region is facing a drastic change as the regional development plan to set up “Kashima Industrial Area” has been put into practice.

収録刊行物

  • 地理学評論

    地理学評論 39 (2), 84-102, 1966

    公益社団法人 日本地理学会

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