熱収支観測装置による気候環境の理解

The purpose of this study is to understand climate and climatic environment fundamentally in using a systematic equipment of energy balance observation. This systematic equipment is designed to observe the dry- and wet-bulb temperature at three levels, soil tempesature at six depths, soil heat flux, solar and net radiation and wind speed. In using these obsevation data, it is possible to calculate heat balance at the earth's surface. The method used here is Bowen's method, which is one of the simplest and the most useful to understand the principle of radiation and energy with great ease. Another feature is to work by both AC or DC electric source.<br>The authors are trying to set energy balance or conservation theory as the main principle in order to grasp climatic environment and physical environment properly, because the earth receives net solar energy, emits the amount of longwave radiation and is in balance from the viewpoint of energy. We insist that to grsp physical environment should be to understand a series of energy and water flow in earth-atmosphere system through budget principle, for the climate consists of a combination of energy and water.<br>On the other hand, we are making use of a phase of energy or water flow as mentioned above, so the large impact of human activity on these phases causes the environmental deterioration. Therefore, we must be careful to use energy or water resources from the viewpoint of environmental protection.<br>This paper is trying to combine these two ideas in using the systematic equipment of energy balance method. The basic thinking is to consider the radiative balance of the earth by using concrete data collected by oneself. For this reason, this systematic equipment of energy balance observation is one of the most useful method in order to understand climatic environment.