Conditions for disembarkation of <i>Caenorhabditis japonica </i>from its carrier insect <i>Parastrachia japonensis </i>

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  • Okumura Etsuko
    Laboratory of Nematology, Department of Applied Biological Sciences,Faculty of Agriculture, Saga University The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University
  • Tanaka Ryusei
    Laboratory of Nematology, Department of Applied Biological Sciences,Faculty of Agriculture, Saga University
  • Yoshiga Toyoshi
    Laboratory of Nematology, Department of Applied Biological Sciences,Faculty of Agriculture, Saga University The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University

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  • <i>Caenorhabditis japonica</i>が宿主ベニツチカメムシから離脱する条件
  • Conditions for disembarkation of Caenorhabditis japonica from its carrier insect Parastrachia japonensis

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Abstract

Bacteriophagous Caenorhabditis japonica forms a phoretic and necromenic association with the burrower bug Parastrachia japonensis. C. japonica dauer larvae (DL) disembark from the body surface of P. japonensis females before their propagation in the nest of the carrier insect. In this study, we examined the conditions and possible cues for disembarkation. In high humidity conditions, not all the DL that were naturally associated with or artificially loaded on P. japonensis disembarked from their carriers. The presence of food bacteria or the soil habitat did not enhance disembarkation. However, the presence of P. japonensis nymphs promoted disembarkation. These results indicate that only some C. japonica DL leave their carriers under conditions of high humidity and that the presence of nymphs after hatching stimulates disembarkation. DL collected from P. japonensis females several months after eclosion showed gravitactic behavior while those from P. japonensis 3 days after loading did not, suggesting behavioral changes in DL during their association with the carrier.

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