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- 大東 肇
- 京都大学農学部食品工学科
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- Huffman Michael A.
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Kyoto University
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- 小清水 弘一
- 京都大学農学部食品工学科 現所属: 近畿大学生物理工学部生物工学科
書誌事項
- タイトル別名
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- Chemical Ecology of the Medicinal Use of <i>Vernonia amygdalina</i> by Chimpanzees
- 野生チンパンジーの薬用的植物利用に関する化学生態学的研究:Vernonia amygdalinaを例に
- ヤセイ チンパンジーノ ヤクヨウテキ ショクブツ リヨウ ニ カンスル カガク
- Chemical Ecology of the Medicinal Use of Vernonia amygdalina by Chimpanzees
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抄録
Vernonia amygdalina (Compositae) has been suggested to be a medicinal plant used by wild chimpanzee in the Mahale Moutains National Park, Tanzania. From this plant, the bitter and related constituents were isolated. There were four known sesquiterpene lactones, and seven new steroid glucosides and two aglycones of these glucosides. The sesquiterpene lactones showed high cytotoxic activity against P-388 and L-1210 cells, and antibacterial activities against Bacillus subtilis and Micrococcus lutea. They also showed significant in vitro antischistosomal, plasmodicidal and leishmanicidal activities. Antischistosomal activity was also found in the major steroid glucoside, vernonioside B1. A trend in the glucosides was observed for significant antischistosomal, plasmodicidal and amoebicidal activities when the sugar moiety was removed. Vernodalin, the most significant antiparasitic constituent in vitro, was tested for in vivo antischistosomal effect. However, vernodalin is highly toxic to the cercaria-infected mouse, and no effect was observed when orally administrated at below the lethal dose (2.5mg/mouse). Chimpanzees have been only rarely observed to ingest anything but the pith of the young stem. The occurrence of vernonioside B1 and its aglycone vernoniol B1, the major constituents among the steroid- related constituents, were detected at significant levels in the pith. However, vernodalin was abundant only in the leaves and bark. Thus, chimpanzees at Mahale were hypothesized to control parasite-related diseases by ingesting the young pith of this tree containing steroid-related constituents.
収録刊行物
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- アフリカ研究
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アフリカ研究 1996 (48), 51-62, 1996
日本アフリカ学会
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詳細情報 詳細情報について
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- CRID
- 1390001204346585600
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- NII論文ID
- 110000105599
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- NII書誌ID
- AN0001203X
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- ISSN
- 18845533
- 00654140
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- NDL書誌ID
- 3983044
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- データソース種別
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- JaLC
- NDL
- Crossref
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- 抄録ライセンスフラグ
- 使用不可