Mass Mortality of Japanese Abalone Haliotis discus hannai Caused by Vibrio harveyi Infection

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  • Sawabe Tomoo
    Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University
  • Inoue Sahoko
    Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University
  • Fukui Youhei
    Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University
  • Yoshie Kaoru
    Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University
  • Nishihara Yutaka
    Hokkaido Central Fisheries Experimental Station
  • Miura Hiroki
    Hokkaido Central Fisheries Experimental Station

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Sixty thousand of deaths among cultured Ezo abalone Haliotis discus hannai occurred within a few days at an abalone farm in Japan in the middle of August, 2002. Dead animals were characterized by a hemolymphatic edema around the major circulatory system. Vibrios showing swarming motility dominated in the edema. The pathogenic vibrios were identified as Vibrio harveyi based on a phylogenetic analysis and a phenotypic characterization. In both immersion and injection experiments, the swarming vibrios fulfilled Koch's postulates as a pathogen for Ezo abalone. Using a GFP-tagged V. harveyi S20, a clump of bacterium was detected on the gills of the abalone within 48 hours after contact with the bacterium. This is the first report of V. harveyi infection in Ezo abalone Haliotis discus hannai.<br>

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