Observation of Chemical Changes at the Atomic Level

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  • 化学変化を原子レベルでみる
  • カガク ヘンカ オ ゲンシ レベル デ ミル

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Abstract

It is said that a 0.1 portion of an atom or a 0.01 portion of a molecule can be detected with a newly developed method. However, the above values were employing a signal-to-noise ratio. We are measuring the numbers of shadows of objects, it is so-called signal, not the object, itself, at present. It is required to observe and measure the numbers of the object, itself, and discuss the signal-to-noise ratio in the observation. The concept of the present methodology is based on millions or billions of atoms, but observations or measurements at the atomic level are different using the above concept. The measurement of a group consisting of 100∼1000 atoms should be applied to another concept different from the existing one. The vaporization, reaction, phase transfer and observation of the detection limit in an alloy were studied by using a high-resolution electron microscope. It is thought that these three processes in the former are basically continuous phenomena, but it was found that they are intermittent phenomena. The key point in the above mentioned phenomena is the fact that it is related to the activity coefficient of the analyte atom in a binary alloy. Interactions between an analyte atom and co-existing or surrounding atoms occur as intermittent phenomena, like a geyser, so to say. This interaction is different from a conjugate bond between two kinds of atoms, and is recognized in the properties of an alloy. Upon observing to detection limit, a covering phenomenon over the analyte atom by sputtered surround atoms interferes with the radiation signal from the analyte. It can be said that the method of counting numbers of atoms is reliable compared with measuring the signal-to-noise ratio in this experiment.<br>

Journal

  • BUNSEKI KAGAKU

    BUNSEKI KAGAKU 55 (6), 357-367, 2006

    The Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry

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