内毒素による歯肉の炎症と破骨細胞形成への免疫系の関与についての病理組織学的研究

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  • Histopathological Study on Participation of the Immune System in Gingival Inflammation and Osteoclastic Formation Induced by Endotoxin Derived from Escherichia coli.

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The purpose of this study is to clarify the relationship between the immune system and destruction of gingival tissue and alveolar bone in mice. Endotoxin derived from Escherichia coli was injected into 25 normal murine gingiva at indicated times (1, 4, 7, 10 or 13), as the non-immunized group. Twenty-five normal mice were similarly injected after pre-immunization, as the immunized group. Twenty-five congenitally T lympohocyte-deficient nude mice were used as a model of immune suppression and treated in the same way as the non-immunized group. Serum antibody levels against endotoxin were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Destruction of gingival tissues and osteoclastic bone resorption were histopathologically examined. As a result, inflammatory changes in the non-immunized group were milder than those in the immunized group when antibody levels were comparatively low. However, little difference in gingival inflammation was observed in either group as the serum antibody levels increased. Specifically, gingival inflammation became more severe and osteoclasts increasingly infiltrated the surrounding alveolar bone. On the other hand, in the nude mouse group, milder inflammatory changes were observed and the emergence of osteoclasts and their precursor cells was delayed. In addition, the degree of alveolar bone resorption was weaker than that of the other 2 groups. These findings suggest that activation of the immune system by endotoxin, especially in pre -immunized mice, induces more severe gingival inflammatory changes and osteoclastic bone resorption, and that depression of the immune system due to the T lymphocyte deficiency in nude mice leads to less damage to gingival tissues and alveolar bone.

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