Pulmonary Edema Due to Oral Gavage in a Toxicological Study Related to Aquaporin-1, -4 and -5 Expression

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  • SINGHA Ornuma
    Veterinary Medical Care Office, National Laboratory Animal Center, Mahidol University, 999 Salaya, Puttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
  • KENGKOOM Kanchana
    Academic Services Office, National Laboratory Animal Center, Mahidol University, 999 Salaya, Puttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
  • CHAIMONGKOLNUKUL Khuanjit
    Academic Services Office, National Laboratory Animal Center, Mahidol University, 999 Salaya, Puttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
  • CHERDYU Sompong
    Academic Services Office, National Laboratory Animal Center, Mahidol University, 999 Salaya, Puttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
  • PONGPONRATN Emsri
    Department of Tropical Pathology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, 420/6 Ratchawithi Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
  • KETJAREON Taweesak
    Veterinary Medical Care Office, National Laboratory Animal Center, Mahidol University, 999 Salaya, Puttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
  • PANAVECHKIJKUL Yaowaluk
    Veterinary Medical Care Office, National Laboratory Animal Center, Mahidol University, 999 Salaya, Puttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
  • AMPAWONG Sumate
    Veterinary Medical Care Office, National Laboratory Animal Center, Mahidol University, 999 Salaya, Puttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand Department of Tropical Pathology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, 420/6 Ratchawithi Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand

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A one-time oral gavage can be enough to cause of alveologenic edema with higher expression of AQP-1 and -4 than that with repeated-dose oral gavage, which caused both profound perivascular edema and hydrostatic pressure edema, while AQP-5 was similarly expressed. The alteration of AQPs expression was probably related to alveolar fluid clearance across the alveolar and bronchiolar epithelium in different stages of lung injury. The results clarified the type of lung edema in acute and sub-chronic toxicity studies without treatment related effect of tested material. The pathogenesis of pulmonary edema due to oral gavage toxicological study is associated with the cellular immune response to the reflux materials. Mast cell and leukocyte accumulation may contribute to increase vascular permeability leading to permeability edema. The increase in alveolar septum epithelium, perivascular and peribronchial cuffing, accumulation alveolar lipid containing macrophage and medial hyperplasia of the pulmonary artery might have been caused to increase airway resistance, which resulted in hydrostatic pressure edema.

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