Altitudinal distribution of Fagaceae in West Sumatra

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The altitudinal distribution of Fagaceae in West Sumatra was studied on the basis of herbarium specimens and field tree censuses conducted at Gunung Gadut and Sipisang. Forty-two species were examined (Castanopsis: 8 spp., Quercus: 8 spp., Lithocarpus: 25 spp., and Trigonobalanus verticillata), and it was revealed that altitudinal distribution patterns vary among species and genera. The species richness of Fagaceae in West Sumatra was highest at 400-700 m, decreasing with increasing altitude above 700 m, while about half the total number of species occurred below 400 m. Though the altitudinal distribution patterns of some species were compressed toward a lower altitude in Gunung Gadut, species richness in Gunung Gadut and Sipisang regions were also highest at 400-700 m above sea level (76 % of 33 species were found growing in these regions), and more than half of the species were found at 150-400 m. Quercus showed gradual replacement/overlapping of higher/lower altitudinal species at a range of 700-1100 m, and Lithocarpus showed a remarkably high species richness at 400-700 m in both regions. The altitudinal diversity patterns of Fagaceae appeared to involve both species coexistence/concentration at particular altitudes and species replacement with changing altitudes. The high species richness of Fagaceae at 400-700 m was especially due to the coexistence and concentration of Lithocarpus species.

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  • Tropics

    Tropics 15 (2), 153-163, 2006

    日本熱帯生態学会

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