味覚の生理学

DOI 機関リポジトリ 参考文献17件

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  • Physiology of taste

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Gustatory dysfunctions have not been treated with basic experimental evidences because molecularmechanisms of gustatory reception were not well clarified. Electrophysiological experiments have provided good results for elucidating the transduction mechanism in taste cells. However, it is difficult to identify the taste receptors by biochemical experiments because affinities between taste substances and receptors are very low. Recently, based on a large number of results obtained by the physiological experiments, taste receptors for umami, sweet, bitter, sour and salt substances were identified by using techniques of molecular biology. For example, specific synergism between L-glutamate (umami substance) not other amino acid and 5'-ribonucleotides IMP and GMP is a hallmark of umami taste. The responses of the heterodimer complex of GTP-binding protein coupled receptor hT1R1 and hT1R3 to L-glutamate but not other amino acids was synergetically enhanced with IMP or GMP, indicating that human T1R1/T1R3 functions as an umami receptor.

収録刊行物

  • 口腔・咽頭科

    口腔・咽頭科 18 (2), 207-215, 2006

    日本口腔・咽頭科学会

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