Seasonal Variation of the Heat Balance in the Urban Area of Okinawa Island.

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  • SHIMOSE Ryu
    Master of Engineering and Science in Physics and Earth Sciences, University of the Ryukyus.
  • KIMURA Reiji
    Arid Land Research Center, Tottori University.
  • ISHIJIMA Suguru
    Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, University of the Ryukyus.

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Other Title
  • 沖縄本島都市域における熱収支の季節変化
  • オキナワ ホントウ トシイキ ニ オケル ネツ シュウシ ノ キセツ ヘンカ

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Abstract

In this study, the seasonal variation of the heat balance in the urban area of Okinawa Island is evaluated. First, the validity of a calculation method of the heat balance was examined by the comparison of surface temperature using an infrared thermometer and a calculation of the heat balance during winter, summer and early winter. The root-mean-squared error between the observed and calculated values of surface temperature was 1.1°C. The annual evaporation was estimated using an observational data of the measurement of flow rate of Hijya River basin in which the urban area occupies about 90% of the river basin. The annual evaporation from the year of 1984 to 1997 was 280±25mm, while the average annual rainfall was 1877mm. Also, the annual evaporation and the heat balance components were estimated using a calculation method of the heat balance in the urban area of Okinawa Island. The averaged annual evaporation obtained for the years from 1989 to 1999 was 368±42mm, for which the average annual rainfall was 1988mm. The result of these estimations indicated that the annual evaporation in the urban area of Okinawa Island almost closed to constant value within the observed value of annual rainfall examined in this study. The averages of the annual surface temperature, sensible heat flux, and latent heat flux was 25.6°C, 52.3 Wm-2 and 28.5 Wm-2, respectively.

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