Association between Cigarette Consumption and Proteinuria in Healthy Japanese Men and Women from an Occupational Population

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  • Yamada Yuichi
    Department of Social and Environmental Medicine (Hygiene), Kanazawa Medical University
  • Noborisaka Yuka
    Department of Social and Environmental Medicine (Hygiene), Kanazawa Medical University
  • Ishizaki Masao
    Department of Social and Environmental Medicine (Hygiene), Kanazawa Medical University
  • Honda Ryumon
    Department of Social and Environmental Medicine (Hygiene), Kanazawa Medical University
  • Tsuritani Ikiko
    Department of Social and Environmental Medicine (Hygiene), Kanazawa Medical University
  • Yamada Seiji
    Matsushita Science Center of Industrial Hygiene

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The association between cigarette consumption and prevalence of mild proteinuria (30-99 mg/dl of albumin) was analyzed in 11,569 male and 4,715 female workers aged 18-67 yr recruited from an occupational population. Proteinuria was found in 274 (2.4%) of the total male workers and in 50 (1.1%) of the total females. Stepwise logistic regression analyses showed that sex, suspected diabetes mellitus, blood pressure (BP) and Brinkman Index (BI) levels (0, 1-199, 200-499, 500-799, 800-) were significantly related to proteinuria, and that the odds ratio of each BI level for proteinuria was 1.11 (C.I.: 1.01-1.67). In the subjects aged 50 yr or older, after excluding those suspected of having hypertension and/or diabetes mellitus, the odds ratio reached 1.37 (C.I.: 1.15-1.63), with the gender difference then no longer significant. The odds ratio for proteinuria was calculated as 5.44 (C.I.: 2.27-13.0) in male and female smokers having a BI of 500 or above and normal-high BP (130-139/85-89 mmHg) in comparison with nonsmokers having normal BP (<130/85 mmHg). These results suggest that heavy cigarette consumption represented by a BI of 500 or above is a risk factor of proteinuria even in healthy Japanese workers, particularly in those aged 50 yr or older and having normal-high BP.<br>

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