Effect Modification by Coping Strategies on the Association of Organizational Justice with Psychological Distress in Japanese Workers

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  • Nakagawa Yuko
    Department of Health Policy and Management, Graduate School of Medical Science, University of Occupational and Environmental Health
  • Inoue Akiomi
    Department of Mental Health, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health
  • Kawakami Norito
    Department of Mental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
  • Tsuno Kanami
    Department of Hygiene, School of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University
  • Tomioka Kimiko
    Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Nara Medical University
  • Nakanishi Mayuko
    Nakanishi Healthcare Office
  • Mafune Kosuke
    Department of Mental Health, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health
  • Hiro Hisanori
    Department of Mental Health, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health

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Objectives: Several previous studies showed that the lack of organizational justice was associated with poor mental health. However, no study examined the effect modification by internal factor, such as coping strategies, on the association of organizational justice with mental health. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect modification by coping strategies on the association of organizational justice with psychological distress. Methods: A total of 471 men and 764 women from a manufacturing company in Japan completed self-administered questionnaires, including the Organizational Justice Questionnaire, K6 scale (i.e., psychological distress scale), Brief Scales for Coping Profile, and demographic characteristics. Multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted for each coping strategy. Results: After adjusting for demographic characteristics, the association of the lack of procedural justice with psychological distress was greater among the low changing a point of view group than among their counterparts. Furthermore, the interaction term of procedural justice with changing a point of view was significant. The association of the lack of procedural justice and interactional justice with psychological distress was also greater among the high emotional expression involving others group than among their counterparts, while the interaction terms of procedural justice and interactional justice with emotional expression involving others were marginally significant. Conclusions: Positive emotion-focused coping strategies, such as changing a point of view, may effectively prevent psychological distress when there is a lack of organizational justice, while problem-focused coping strategies may have no effects, and negative emotion-focused coping strategies, such as emotional expression involving others, may have harmful effects on the association.(J Occup Health 2014; 56: 111-123)

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