Simple and Rapid Detection of Aflatoxins B<sub>1</sub>, B<sub>2</sub>, and G<sub>1</sub> in Nutmeg by Fluorescence Fingerprint

DOI Web Site 12 References Open Access
  • Fujita Kaori
    National Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Organization
  • Ikeda Hidaka
    Research and Analysis Center, Research and Product Development Division, S&B FOODS Incorporated
  • Sagawa Takehito
    Research and Analysis Center, Research and Product Development Division, S&B FOODS Incorporated
  • Tsuta Mizuki
    National Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Organization
  • Sugiyama Junichi
    National Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Organization

Bibliographic Information

Other Title
  • 蛍光指紋計測によるナツメグ中のアフラトキシンB<sub>1</sub>，B<sub>2</sub>，G<sub>1</sub>の簡易・迅速検出

Description

A fluorescence fingerprint (FF), also known as an excitation-emission matrix, was applied to develop a new method for the detection of four aflatoxins (AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, AFG2) in nutmeg. This method is simple, rapid and does not require sample extraction. The experimental samples were collected from nutmeg at five fungal contamination levels. After milling, chemical analysis and FF measurements were carried out. The concentrations of four aflatoxins in each sample were determined by using high-performance liquid chromatography. FFs of the samples were measured with a fluorescence spectrophotometer. The total concentration of aflatoxins (AFB1 + AFB2 + AFG1 + AFG2) varied from 0.0 to 20.9 ppb. AFG2 was undetectable in all the samples. Concentrations of AFB1 and AFB2 were correlated with that of total aflatoxin, whereas that of AFG1 varied independently. Models to predict the concentrations of aflatoxins from FF values were constructed based on partial least square (PLS) regression. The PLS models showed a good fit of each aflatoxin to the calibration dataset (AFB1: R2 = 0.87; AFB2: R2 = 0.87; AFG1: R2 = 0.80) as well as to the validation dataset (AFB1: R2 = 0.81; AFB2: R2 = 0.75; AFG1: R2 = 0.79). The PLS model of total aflatoxin also showed a good fit to the calibration dataset (R2 = 0.87, standard error of calibration = 2.9 ppb) and to the validation dataset (R2 = 0.81, standard error of prediction = 3.4 ppb). These results confirm that FF facilitates easy and rapid identification of aflatoxins in nutmeg.

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