Usefulness of environmental intervention by home visits for asthmatic children with house dust mite allergy

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  • ダニアレルギー喘息児に対する家庭訪問による環境整備の指導効果

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Abstract

<p> Object : This study evaluated the usefulness of environmental intervention by home visits for asthmatic children with house dust mite allergy.</p><p> Subject : The intervention group (A group) consisted of 10 children and their family members ; the control group (C group) consisted of 12 children and their family members.</p><p> Methods : We visited homes of the A group at the beginning of the study and at 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, and 12 months after the start. We measured the allergen levels of house dust mites in several parts of their houses using a handy measurement kit, and explained how to clean up the home environment based on the allergen levels. In order to measure house dust mite levels by ELISA, we also took house dust from the futons of the patients and the floors of their bedrooms, etc.</p><p> Their bronchial asthma was treated following JPGL2012. We checked the number of emergency department visits and hospital admissions they made for asthma attacks. We also measured house dust mite-IgE levels and lung function before and after the study.</p><p> Results : We were unable to continue home visits for 3 families of the A group. House dust mite levels were decreased after 1-year intervention in the houses where mite allergen levels were very high in their futons and in their bedrooms.</p><p> Asthma treatment was stepped down for 4 children of the A group and 2 children of the C group ; unchanged for 6 children of the A group and 6 children of the C group ; stepped up for 4 children of the C group ; which was statistically significant between the two groups (likelihood ratio test ; p=0.049). There was no significant difference between the A and C groups in the number of hospital admissions, emergency department visits, and the change of house dust mite-specific IgE levels and the ratio of forced expiratory volume in 1 second to forced vital capacity.</p><p> Conclusion : Environmental intervention by home visits is useful.</p>

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