下方から加熱される垂直環状容器内の自然対流

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  • Natural Convection in a Vertical Annular Space Heated from Below
  • カホウ カラ カネツサレル スイチョク カンジョウ ヨウキナイ ノ シゼン タ

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Natural convection in an annular space with a vertical axis was studied both experimentally and theoretically. A top-view picture through a transparent cylindrical wall was taken by the method of Krishnamurti. The rate of heat transfer was measured for various heat inputs. Stable roll cells were found to exist side by side whose axes are in a radial direction and whose total number could be estimated by referring to an average circumferential length divided by an annular vertical height.<BR>The three-dimensional natural convection model in cylindrical coordinates was used and solved by a finite difference method for a single roll cell. The average Nusselt numbers agreed well with the experimental rates of heat transfer. A pair of coaxial double-spiral flow patterns was predicted in a single roll cell, similar to those in a rectangular box. However, these two spirals in an annular space are different in their sizes and shapes due to the sectorial geometry. The flow pattern could be visually demonstrated quite well by a perspective view of a long time streak line in a three-dimensional cylindrical coordinate system.

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