マルチステップ流出法による不撹乱土壌の不飽和透水係数の推定

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  • Estimating unsaturated hydraulic conductivity of undisturbed Japanese soils by multi-step outflow experiment
  • マルチステップ リュウシュツホウ ニ ヨル フカクラン ドジョウ ノ フホウワ トウスイ ケイスウ ノ スイテイ

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Multi-step outflow experiments were performed to investigate unsaturated hydraulic properties of undisturbed Japanese soils under different management; paddy field, upland field, and forest. Cumulative outflow volume and soil water pressure head were measured to estimate the uns aturated hydraulic properties by inverse technique. Mualem-van Genuchten's model was employed to solve the Richard's equation. Relative error objective function showed best results, since care should be paid at high water content because of the deviation from log-normal properties. Repacked soils showed good correlation between direct method and multi-step outflow method. On the other hand for undisturbed soils, effect of macropore caused abrupt changes in hydraulic conductivity near saturation. Because measured Ks showed maropore Ks whereas Ks in the models showed matrix Ks, it is appropriate to apply Ks as variable for undisturbed soils. Multi-step outflow experiment was acceptable as an unsaturated hydraulic conductivity experiment for Japanese soils except near saturation.

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