Relationship between ACP classification and the opening position, direction of the mental foramen and anterior loop in edentulous patients

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  • ACP分類と無歯顎者のオトガイ孔開口位置,開口方向およびアンテリアループとの関係

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Imaging examinations of mental foramen is important in prosthetic treatment for edentulous patients such as implant over denture and compression of the mental nerve by complete dentures. However, imaging examinations of mental foramen have been using evaluated a two-dimensional analyses on panoramic radiographs, and the relationships with ridge resorption has not been clarified. The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship between ACP classification and the opening direction and position of the mental foramen in edentulous patients using cone-beam CT. Subjects were divided into two groups: 17 edentulous patients classified into four categories based on the degree of ridge resorption; and 10 healthy dentulous individuals as controls. The opening position and direction of the mental foramen, and the distance from the mental foramen to the anterior loop were measured with DICOM viewer software in CT images. The opening direction of the mental foramen turned from lateral to superior with the gain of mandibular ridge resorption. Distance from the mental foramen to the anterior loop was decreased significantly with the gain of mandibular ridge resorption. This study revealed that the mental foramen changed position and direction with resorption of the anterior loop, suggesting that understanding the change of the mental foramen with the gain of mandibular ridge resorption provides information for prosthodontic treatment such as implant over denture and complete denture that cannot be obtained by two-dimensional analyses such as panoramic radiography.

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