An Ultra-Stable Microwave Oscillator using a Cryogenic Sapphire Crystal Towards the Most Stable Oscillator on Earth

DOI Web Site 16 References
  • IKEGAMI Takeshi
    National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
  • WATABE Ken-ichi
    National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)

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Other Title
  • 低温サファイア結晶を用いた超高安定マイクロ波発振器
  • 低温サファイア結晶を用いた超高安定マイクロ波発振器 : 地上で最も安定な発振器を目指して
  • テイオン サファイア ケッショウ オ モチイタ チョウコウアンテイ マイクロハ ハッシンキ : チジョウ デ モットモ アンテイ ナ ハッシンキ オ メザシテ
  • ―地上で最も安定な発振器を目指して―<i> </i>

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Abstract

The principle and the current status of cryogenic sapphire oscillators are reviewed. Cryogenic sapphire oscillators have achieved a frequency stability of better than 10-15. They have been utilized for testing fundamental physical principles, as local oscillators for primary frequency standards and for radio astronomy. It is expected that they can possibly be used as local oscillators to keep time in the era of optical atomic clocks after redefining the second in future. The efforts attaining a frequency stability better than 10-16, which is the best stability of the microwave oscillator, are also described.<tt> </tt>

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