Emissions of regulated and non-regulated air pollutants emitted from gasoline vehicles and their emission tendencies

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  • 近年のガソリン車における規制・未規制大気汚染物質排出量と排出傾向
  • キンネン ノ ガソリンシャ ニ オケル キセイ ミキセイ タイキ オセン ブッシツ ハイシュツリョウ ト ハイシュツ ケイコウ

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We investigated on emissions of regulated and non-regulated substances in exhausts of the gasoline vehicles which met the severe regulation standard for emission of late years. Benzene, toluene and xylene emissions were highly correlated with THC emission (r ≥ 0.9, n = 45, p < 0.01) in the cold mode examinations. In the hot mode examinations, most of non-regulated substances were not detected. However, one passenger vehicle that has exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system and lean-burn engine, specifically has high emissions of the benzenoid at high velocity (steady state of 80 km/h). The high emissions were due to the high EGR ratio on high speed drive. Incomplete combusted products containing benzene ring, which are hard to reduce by catalyst, increased in a high EGR rate state.<BR>Dividing 11 mode to 1st cycle, 2nd cycle, and 3rd + 4th cycles, emission of respective substance discharged at corresponding cycle was measured. For all of analyzed substances except CO2 and NH3, more amounts than 74% of 11 mode emissions were determined at 1st cycle. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the emissions during 1st cycle (120 seconds from start) until a catalyst reached the appearance temperature of its activity or develop the catalyst which works at the low temperature.<BR>In hot start modes, emissions of 10•15 mode were compared with JC08 emissions. Most of JC08 mode emissions were higher than 10•5 mode emissions. Especially PAHs were not detected in 10•15 mode emissions, but detected in JC08 mode. On the case that acceleration and deceleration are almost a real driving, emissions of incomplete combusted products increased because of difficulty of combustion control.

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