The Phosphoinositide Kinase PIP5K That Produces the Versatile Signaling Phospholipid PI4,5P2

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  • Kanaho Yasunori
    Department of Physiological Chemistry, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Tsukuba
  • Kobayashi-Nakano Akiko
    Department of Physiological Chemistry, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Tsukuba
  • Yokozeki Takeaki
    Department of Physiological Chemistry, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Tsukuba

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The phosphoinositide kinase, phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase (PIP5K), produces the versatile phospholipid phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PI4,5P2), through which PIP5K plays crucial roles in a wide variety of cell functions. So far, three PIP5K isozymes and splicing variants have been identified. We speculate that each PIP5K isozyme or splicing variant is activated in a tempo-spatially different manner, due to the existence of activators or recruiters specific to each isozyme: this tempo-spatially different activation of PIP5K produces PI4,5P2 at different compartments of the cell at different times, which phenomenon may be responsible for the apparent multifunction of PI4,5P2/PIP5K. Accumulating evidence supports this notion that each PIP5K isozyme is activated by its specific activator and plays a crucial role in a unique cell function. In this article, we describe recent advances regarding the PIP5K isozyme-specific activation mechanisms and physiological functions.

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