Protective Mechanism of Andrographolide against Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Acute Liver Injury in Mice

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  • Ye Ju-Feng
    Experimental Teaching Center of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University, P.R. China
  • Zhu Hang
    Experimental Teaching Center of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University, P.R. China
  • Zhou Zhi-Feng
    Hygiene Detection Center, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University, P.R. China
  • Xiong Ri-Bo
    Experimental Teaching Center of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University, P.R. China
  • Wang Xi-Wen
    Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University, P.R. China
  • Su Li-Xian
    Experimental Teaching Center of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University, P.R. China
  • Luo Bing-De
    Experimental Teaching Center of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University, P.R. China

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The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of andrographolide (AP), a bioactive component isolated from Andrographis paniculata, on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver injury as well as the possible mechanisms involved in this protection in mice. Acute liver injury was induced by CCl4 intoxication in mice. Serum biological analysis, lipid peroxides and antioxidant estimation, histopathological studies, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot assay were carried out. CCl4 treatment resulted in severe hepatic injury, as evidenced by significant elevation of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels and typical histopathological changes, such as hepatocyte necrosis. Additionally, CCl4 administration led to oxidative stress in mice, as indicated by a remarkable increase in the hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) level, together with a significant decrease in liver reduced glutathione (GSH) content. However, CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity was significantly attenuated by pretreatment with AP, as demonstrated by significant reduction of serum ALT, AST levels and hepatic MDA activity, along with a remarkable increase in hepatic GSH content. Histopathological changes induced by CCl4 were also ameliorated by AP pretreatment. The marked increase of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) induced by CCl4 was attenuated by AP, and the dramatic elevation of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) at transcriptional and protein levels was augmented following AP pretreatment. AP can effectively prevent liver injury induced by CCl4, which may be due to inhibition of oxidative stress and inflammatory responses.

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