Anti-HSV Activity of Kuwanon X from Mulberry Leaves with Genes Expression Inhibitory and HSV-1 Induced NF-κB Deactivated Properties

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  • Ma Fang
    Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University
  • Shen Wenwei
    Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University
  • Zhang Xiaoqi
    Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University
  • Li Manmei
    Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University
  • Wang Yifei
    Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University
  • Zou Yuxiao
    Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences
  • Li Yaolan
    Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University
  • Wang Hui
    Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College, Jinan University

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<p>Six stilbene derivatives isolated from Mulberry leaves including Kuwanon X, Mulberrofuran C, Mulberrofuran G, Moracin C, Moracin M 3′-O-b-glucopyranoside and Moracin M were found to have antiviral effects against herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2) at different potencies except for Mulberrofuran G. Kuwanon X exhibited the greatest activity against HSV-1 15577 and clinical strains and HSV-2 strain 333 with IC50 values of 2.2, 1.5 and 2.5 µg/mL, respectively. Further study revealed that Kuwanon X did not inactivate cell-free HSV-1 particles, but inhibited cellular adsorption and penetration of HSV-1 viral particles. Following viral penetration, Kuwanon X reduced the expression of HSV-1 IE and L genes, and decreased the synthesis of HSV-1 DNA. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that Kuwanon X inhibited the HSV-1-induced nuclear factor (NF)-κB activation through blocking the nuclear translocation and DNA binding of NF-κB. These results suggest that Kuwanon X exerts anti-HSV activity through multiple modes and could be a potential candidate for the therapy of HSV infection.</p>

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