Current Trends, Future Perspectives, and Challenges in the Personality and Individual Differences Research

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  • パーソナリティ特性研究をはじめとする個人差研究の動向と今後の展望・課題
  • 人格 パーソナリティ特性研究をはじめとする個人差研究の動向と今後の展望・課題
  • ジンカク パーソナリティ トクセイ ケンキュウ オ ハジメ ト スル コジンサ ケンキュウ ノ ドウコウ ト コンゴ ノ テンボウ ・ カダイ

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Abstract

      This article aims (a) to review the studies on individual differences including research on personality traits published and/or reported over the period from July 2014 to June 2015, (b) to discuss the current trends and challenges in this research area, and (c) to suggest future perspectives and further developments on personality and individual differences research.  Since the work of James Heckman, the focus of attention has been on detailed investigations on the personality (non-cognitive skills) development and personality changes due to educational interventions.  In this paper, the author first reviews research findings on the Big Five, self-control related variables (e.g., impulsivity, and delay of gratification), and other individual differences variables (e.g., cognitive abilities, and self-esteem).  Second, the author reviews and discusses the findings on links between personality traits and physical, mental, and social health variables.  Third and finally, the author proposes a strategy for future development from five perspectives (in Japanese alphabetical order of) Anchoring vignettes, Interactions, Unique relationships, Environmental Effects, and Other reports, and discusses several challenges and expectations on personality and individual differences research from three standpoints.

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