Role of Fc.GAMMA. receptors in immune regulation and diseases

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  • TAKAI Toshiyuki
    Department of Experimental Immunology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University

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  • 自己免疫性疾患の病態形成に関わる細胞・分子と臨床応用　　Ｆｃγレセプターによる免疫制御と疾患

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  The activation threshold of cells in the immune system is often tuned by cell surface molecules. The Fc receptors expressed on various hematopoietic cells constitute critical elements for activating or down-modulating immune responses and combines humoral and cell-mediated immunity. Thus, Fc receptors are the intelligent sensors of the immune status in the individual. However, impaired regulation by Fc receptors will lead to unresponsiveness or hyperreactivity to foreign as well as self antigens. Murine models for autoimmune disease indicate the indispensable roles of the inhibitory Fc receptor in the suppression of such disorders, whereas activating-type FcRs are crucial for the onset and exacerbation of the disease. The development of many autoimmune diseases in humans may be caused by impairment of the human Fc receptor regulatory system. This review is aimed at providing a current overview of the mechanism of Fc receptor-based immune regulation and the possible scenario of how immunological disorders might result from their dysfunction.<br>

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