単クローン性γ-グロブリン血症における末梢血B細胞の産生するIgの単クローン化に関する研究

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  • The monoclonality of immunoglobulin produced by B cells in the peripheral blood from patients with monoclonal gammopathy

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The monoclonality of immunoglobulin (Ig) produced by B cells in the peripheral blood was investigated in patients with myeloma, macroglobulinemia and benign monoclonal gammopathy (BMG) to evaluate the presence of monoclonal B cells. The lymphocytes were cultured with or without pokeweed mitogen (PWM) for seven days, and allogenic co-culture of B cells and T cells was performed to determine the effect of T cell function on the Ig production by monoclonal B cells. The IgG, IgA, IgM and κ/λ ratio of each class produced and released into the culture medium by B cells were measured by enzyme immunoassay, and the increment of monoclonal Ig was assigned by the deviation of κ/λ ratio of light chain of the Ig. The monoclonal change in the Ig production by B cells in the peripheral blood was observed both in myeloma and in macroglobulinemia, although the increment was more significant in macroglobulinemia than in myeloma. In contrast, such change was not observed in BMG. The Ig production by monoclonal B cells in the peripheral blood from myeloma patients was not enhanced by the addition of PWM. Furthermore, the kinetics of the Ig production by monoclonal B cells showed a linear increase that was different from biphasic pattern with exponen-tial increase of Ig production by normal B cells during the late period of the culture. It was suggested that the Ig production by monoclonal B cells was not dependent on the helper-T cell function in myeloma. When the monoclonal B cells were co-cultured with normal T cells in place of myeloma T cells, the monoclonal Ig production was not enhanced. This result also suggests that the Ig production by monoclonal B cells was not influenced by suppressor cells (Leu 2a+ Leu 7+) that was shown in our previous report to increase in the peripheral blood of myeloma patients. It is concluded that patients with myeloma and macroglobulinemia have a B cell clone in the peripheral blood which can independently differentiate into the monoclonal Ig-secreting cell without participation of immuno-regulatory cells.

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