A STUDY ON THE PLANNING OF EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES FOR THE MENTALLY RETARDED

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  • 精神薄弱養護学校の施設計画に関する調査研究 : 平面計画の特徴及び類型化の試み
  • セイシン ハクジャク ヨウゴ ガッコウ ノ シセツ ケイカク ニ カンスル チ

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This paper consists of the following two studies by Junko Ishii (1978, 1979) and Yuji Tsumagari (1978, 1979). Both of their research papers explored the over-all general coditions of school buildings for the mentally retarded. There appeared to be a major problem of sorting out plans concerning ammendities for the mentally retarded. Results of the above studies were as follows: (1) Some of the schools started by using old buildings which had been originally built for other purposes, other schools were designed specifically for the mentally retarded. The latter type of school far exceeded the former in number. The make shift schools had many disadvantages. There were many poor ammendities, for example, smallness of classrooms and decrepitude buildings. There appeared little consideration as compared with many of the schools which were chosen for the mentally retarded, and were totally unsuitable for educational purposes. (2) Although the study had found many of the main schools in reasonable condition, it did find the branch schools in much need of renovation. There were no plans for extensions or major reconstruction of their schools. (3) According to the data obtained from check list which consisted of 15 items concerning space and location, the plans of building were divided into ten stages. These stages were different depending on area and basic ideas of initial planning of the school buildings. (4) Ramps were not included in school design for the mentally retarded until 1974. The number of schools which had dining rooms and behavioral observation rooms were not increased until 1973, 1975, respectively.

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