Self-Concepts of Children with Mental Retardation : The Relation of Perceived Competence and Social Acceptance to Chronological Age and Mental Age

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  • 精神遅滞児の自己概念に関する研究 : 自己能力評価・社会的受容感と生活年齢・精神年齢との関連性の検討
  • セイシン チタイジ ノ ジコ ガイネン ニカンスルケンキュウ ジコ ノウリョク

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Abstract

The pictorial scale of perceived competence on cognitive and physical domains, and of social acceptance for children without disabilities, was modified for children with mental retardation. Subjects for the assessment were seventy-nine 9- to 18-year-old students with mild or moderate mental retardation who attended special classes or special schools. Factor analysis and coefficient alpha were used to determine the validity and reliability of this modified scale. The relation of the scale results to mental age and chronological age was analyzed for children in special classes whose mental age was five to eight years. The main findings were as follows: (1) Perceived competence and social acceptance scores declined in proportion to both mental and chronological ages. (2) Perceived competence in the physical domain showed lower scores than that in the cognitive domain. Differences between the physical and cognitive domains in perceived competence were thought to be attributable to the differences in opportunities where the children with mental retardation could compare their own performance directly to the higher performance of their peers without mental retardation.

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