A Study of RCPM (Raven's Coloured Progressive Matrices)

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  • R.C.P.M. (Raven's Coloured Progressive Matrices)に関する一考察
  • R.C.P.M. Raven s Coloured Progressive Matrices ニ カンスル イチ コウサツ

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The present study attempts to investigate two chief aims: the 1st is to study the validity of RCPM, and the 2nd is to study basic characteristics of this scale according to the correlations with WISC subtests. For the attainment of the 1st purpose, the following sub-goals are arranged. They were: (1) to examine the concurrent validity of RCPM with WISC, (2) to examine the percentage of successes for each item of RCPM, (3) to examine the discriminative value for each item of RCPM, and (4) to examine the internal consistency of RCPM. RCPM and WISC were administered to 53 cerebral palsied children ranged from 8 years 4 months to 9 years 11 months and 42 non-handicapped children from 8 years 4 months to 9 years 5 months without test modification. 29 of 53 cerebral palsied children were judged to be suitable for the adaptation of WISC. The results are summarized as follows: (1) The correlations between RCPM and WISC Full IQ are .698, with the 29 cerebral palsied, and.691, with the nonhandicapped. (2) Non-handicapped group shows too high percentages of successes for each item of Set A and AB and irregular item difficulties, but cerebral palsy group does not so. (3) According to Good-Poor Analysis, many items of Set A and AB are too easy to discriminate non-handicapped children, while about two third of items in three sets have discriminative values with cerebral palsied children. (4) The internal consistency coefficients are .854, with the 53 cerebral palsied, .793, with the non-handicapped children. (5) Correlations coefficients between RCPM and WISC Performance IQ are higher than those between RCPM and Verbal IQ with both groups: with the cerebral palsied, .730, .528, with the non-handicapped, .740,.508 respectively. RCPM shows the lowest correlations with two WISC subtests, i.e., Comprehension and Coding. The results of this study suggest that RCPM has not sufficient validity as individual intelligence scale. This test can be, however, regarded as an adjunctive test having special value for use with cerebral palsied children, because it mainly measures the ability to cope with visuo-spatial relationship not being involved in the verbal intelli-gence, such as visual perception and perceptual reasoning. It still remains to study relationship of RCPM to visuoperceptual disorder which is found frequently in the cerebral palsied.

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