Artificial Self-Modeling : A Technique to Establish Vocal Requests in a Child with a Severe Developmental Disability

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  • 「人工セルフモデリング」法による重度発達障害児の音声による要求言語の形成
  • ジンコウ セルフ モデリング ホウ ニ ヨル ジュウド ハッタツ ショウガイジ ノ オンセイ ニ ヨル ヨウキュウ ゲンゴ ノ ケイセイ

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Abstract

The present study investigated the establishment of vocal requests in a child with a severe developmental disability who had difficulty imitating others' vocal models. In Experiment 1, the effect of the child's own vocal sounds on his frequency of vocalization was examined. In Conditions A and B, a tape of the sound "DA" was played repeatedly. In Condition A, the child's own "DA" was used, whereas in Condition B, the trainer's "DA" was the model. In Condition C, a control procedure, no sound was played back. Although the results revealed no differences in total frequency of vocalization among the 3 conditions, the child's frequency of vocalization of "DA" was highest in Condition A, whereas no difference was found between Conditions B and C. It was concluded that the child's own vocal sound facilitated his imitation of that sound. Experiment 2 investigated how to establish vocal requests by using the child's own vocal sounds. It was predicted that having the child observe himself through "artificial self-modeling," defined as a condition in which an individual observes him/herself repeatedly on videotape engaging in a target behavior that the individual cannot actually perform, would facilitate modeling. After the modeling videotape had been repeatedly shown, the child's behavior was observed in natural settings in which the trainer simply waited (time delay) for the child to produce a vocal request after the child had made a non-vocal request. The results showed that the child acquired functional use of vocal requesting following exposure to the artificial self-modeling and time-delay procedures.

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