地表‐接地気層‐大気系における物質とエネルギの輸送に関する研究 I : 熱源のスケールが流れおよび温度環境におよぼす影響

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書誌事項

タイトル別名
  • A Numerical Study of Mass and Energy Transfer of Surface, Surface Boundary Layer and Planetary Boundary Layer (I)
  • 地表―接地気層―大気系における物質とエネルギの輸送に関する研究(I)
  • チヒョウ セツチキソウ タイキケイ ニ オケル ブッシツ ト エネルギ ノ ユ
  • Effects of the scale of localized heat source on flow and temperature environment
  • 熱源のスケールが流れおよび温度環境におよぼす影響

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抄録

The surface of the earth is naturally heterogeneous with respect to its roughness, temperature, moisture and other properties. When air moves along such a surface it is modified continuously by the horizontally varying properties.<br>The degree of this modification depends on the amplitude and areal extent of the surface inhomogeneities as well as the prevailing large scale flow pattern. This paper describes the effects of the sizes of localized heat sources (LHS) on flow and temperature environment when the wind passes from one surface to another with different temperature. The LHS is considered to be narrow in the x flow direction and infinite in the y flow direction, and the temperature of LHS is specified to be 10°C higher than that of the other surface areas.<br>The nonlinear two-dimensional steady-state equations in the planetary boundary layer are constructed and solved by Estoque and Bhumralkar's model (1970), which is based on the numerical solution of the steady-state nonlinear meteorological equations for three dimensional flow. The computed horizontal velocity shows that the prevailing flow decelerates on encountering the windward edge of LHS and accelerates on leaving the leeward edge. As a consequence of the horizontal velocity variation there is an upward motion over the LHS and a downward motion downwind. The potential temperature perturbation in the atmospheric boundary layer is spread horizontally and vertically by the advection and diffusion process, and the effect of the surface heat is more marked above the downwind edge of LHS as well as over its center.<br>The maximum convective height can be represented as<br>Zmax=ζmax⋅R-1/6⋅l, <br>where Zmax is the maximum convective height, ζmax non-dimensional maximum convective height parameter, R non-dimensional parameter, l horizontal scale of the heat island, which were used in the theory of Kimura et al. (1975). The present results indicate the maximum height of the convective layer is approximately proportional to R-1/6⋅l. The negative temperature perturbation, “cross-over”, appears as l is greater than 500m.<br>As mentioned above the results indicate a significant difference in the depth of the circulation and the perturbation of temperature changes with the scale of HS, The present model gives a quantitative indication about the size, shape and intensity of the circulation due to LHS under different conditions.

収録刊行物

  • 農業気象

    農業気象 34 (3), 109-118, 1978

    日本農業気象学会

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