Performance of the enlarged Rice-FACE system using pure CO₂ installed in Tsukuba, Japan

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  • Performance of the enlarged Rice-FACE system using pure CO<sub>2</sub> installed in Tsukuba, Japan

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Free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) provides a unique platform for testing the response of future ecosystems to higher atmospheric CO2 concentration ([CO2]) without disturbing various ecosystemscale interactions. To investigate adaptations to climate change, it is crucial to test the responses of diverse cultivars and management conditions to higher [CO2]. The older rice-FACE facility at Shizukuishi had an effective area of about 80 m2 for [CO2] treatment in each replicate, which was not large enough to test multiple genotypes and management practices. We report the first-year performance of the Tsukuba rice-FACE system installed at Tsukubamirai, Ibaraki, Japan. The new system was designed to have twice the usable area (>160 m2) of the Shizukuishi system without deteriorating the ability to control [CO2]. We adopted a pure-CO2 injection type system to elevate [CO2] in the FACE ring by 200 μmol mol-1 above ambient (control) plots. Overall temporal [CO2] control of the Tsukuba FACE system was slightly better than of the Shizukuishi system; mean [CO2] in the FACE plots was 584 μmol mol-1, nearly equal to the target [CO2] of 586 μmol mol-1. The one-minute mean [CO2] deviated by <±10% and <±20% from the target [CO2] 73.9% and 91.3% of the time, respectively. Spatial distribution of [CO2] inside the ring strongly depended on wind direction and speed. Relatively uniform [CO2] was achieved near the ring center and in the northwestern direction, yielding an aerial fraction of 66% that experienced a season-mean [CO2] within ±20% of the target. These aspects of spatio-temporal performance are comparable to those of other FACE facilities, indicating that the Tsukuba system can serve as a useful and reliable platform on which to test various rice genotypes that may be beneficial under projected high [CO2] conditions in the future.

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  • 農業気象

    農業気象 68 (1), 15-23, 2012

    日本農業気象学会

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