Agro-Climatological Studies on C<sub>3</sub>-Plants and C<sub>4</sub>-Plants

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  • C<sub>3</sub>植物とC<sub>4</sub>植物に関する農業気候学的研究
  • C3植物とC4植物に関する農業気候学的研究(3) : 蒸散量ならびに葉温
  • C3 ショクブツ ト C4 ショクブツ ニ カンスル ノウギョウ キコウガクテ
  • (3) Transpiration rates and leaf temperatures
  • (3) 蒸散量ならびに葉温

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Abstract

Transpiration rates, leaf temperatures and stomatal apertures in C3 plants (7 species) and C4 plants (19 species) were measured in a growth room maintained at an air temperature of about 36°C, a light intensity of 0.48ly/min, a windspeed of about 4m/sec, and a relative humidity of 80% (wet) or 40% (dry). The results obtained are as follows:<br>1) Transpiration rate<br>Under the dry condition, transpiration rates of C3 plants (5.17-3.09gH2O/100cm2/hr) were higher than those of C4 plants (2.83-0.94gH2O/100cm2/hr). Under the wet condition, transpiration rates of C3 plants (3.08-2.09gH2O/100cm2/hr) were also higher than those of C4 plants (2.21-0.64gH2O/100cm2/hr).<br>Under both dry and wet conditions, the mean transpiration rates of C4 plants were about half of those of C3 plants.<br>2) Leaf temperature<br>Under both dry and wet conditions, leaf temperatures of C3 plants were lower than those of C4 plants.<br>The temperature difference between leaf and air was correlated negatively with the transpiration rate.<br>3) Stomatal aperture<br>There was no difference in stomatal aperture between C3 plants and C4 plants. For both the plants the stomatal aperture under wet condition was larger than that under dry condition, except in the adaxial surface of goosegrass.<br>On the basis of the above results, a discussion is given on the difference in water requirements and geographical distributions between C3 plants and C4 plants.

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