Effect of floating row covers on soil and air temperatures in different seasons

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  • HAMASAKI Takahiro
    National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO) Hokkaido Agricultural Research Center

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Floating row covers are widely used in horticulture to protect plants from adverse environmental conditions. However, their effects on the thermal environment differ depending on the material from which they are composed, the covering method, and the season. In this study, field and heat balance experiments were conducted to quantitatively evaluate the effect of a row cover on soil and air temperatures in different seasons.<br>A row cover composed of non-woven polyethylene terephthalate fabric raised the mean air temperature in summer. However, the air-warming effect decreased until the air temperature under the row cover was lower than that of a non-covered row in winter. This decrease in the air-warming effect and the inversion of the air temperature in winter was considered to arise due to decreases in heat input associated with seasonal changes in short- and long-wave radiation. Conversely, an increase in the soil temperature was maintained from late spring to early winter. The inversion of the air temperature was most apparent at night. Under the row cover, the soil temperature was typically higher than the air temperature. However, when the row cover material temperature was lower than the air temperature, the air inside the row cover was then cooled by the row cover material, which was in turn cooled by radiative cooling. Soil temperature simulation analysis using a heat balance model showed that a decrease in latent heat exchange and in radiative cooling at the soil surface by use of a row cover were responsible for the soil-warming effect of the row cover being maintained until winter. These results suggest that row cover materials and covering methods need to be adjusted depending on the reason for using the cover, whether it is the air or the soil that needs to be warmed, and the season in which the cover will be used.

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  • 農業気象

    農業気象 69 (2), 65-79, 2013

    日本農業気象学会

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