Mutations in the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Gene And Sensitivity to Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors

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  • ＥＧＦ受容体遺伝子変異と薬剤感受性

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Abstract

Objectives. To review current knowledge concerning the relationship between epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene mutations and response to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI). Methods. We reviewed literature concerning the topic and our own experience. Results. EGFR mutations are frequent in Orientals, females, non-smokers and patients with adenocarcinoma. Approximately 90% of the mutations are either in-frame deletion mutation in exon 19 or leucine to arginine mutations at codon 858 in exon 21. About 80% of the patients with EGFR mutations respond to EGFR TKI, while only 8% of those without EGFR mutations do so. Recently, it has been reported that EGFR gene amplifications plays a role in sensitivity to EGFR TKI. Furthermore, it is reported that about half of acquired resistance to EGFR TKI which almost always occurs during the course of disease is caused by secondary mutation at codon 790 (T790M). Conclusion. It is urgently required to design clinical trials in patients selected by these molecular fingerprints to make individualized medical treatment possible.<br>

Journal

  • Haigan

    Haigan 46 (3), 237-240, 2006

    The Japan Lung Cancer Society

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