Different Effects of All-Trans-Retinoic Acid on Phorbol Ester-Stimulated and Phytohemagglutinin-Stimulated Interleukin-2 Expression in Human T-cell Lymphoma HUT-78 Cells

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  • Goto Shingo
    Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka
  • Okada Norihisa
    Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka
  • Kaneko Akihiro
    Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka Nisshin Pharma Inc.
  • Isemura Mamoru
    Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka

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In view of the importance of vitamin A in the human immune system and the central role of interleukin-2 (IL-2) in the proliferation of T-lymphocytes, we examined the effects of all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) on the protein and gene expression of IL-2 in the human T-cell line HUT-78 when stimulated with either 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) or phytohemagglutinin (PHA). ATRA enhanced the production of IL-2 stimulated by TPA, but suppressed that stimulated by PHA. These findings were consistent with the results of a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction examining IL-2 gene expression. ATRA augmented the gene expression of PKC-β1 up-regulated by TPA and restored that suppressed by PHA but to below the control level. ATRA suppressed the c-fos gene expression up-regulated by PHA to a level of 36% of the control whereas it had no effect on the up-regulation by TPA. Since PKC- β1 has been suggested to be important for the secretion and gene expression of IL-2 and since the activator protein-l binding site is present in the promoter of the IL-2 gene, these findings may explain the differences in ATRA’s effects on TPA- and PHA-stimulated IL-2 expression. These results suggest that ATRA affects the production of IL-2 by T-lymphocytes in a stimulus-dependent manner.<br>

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