Multiple Malformation Associated with Cerebellar Defects and Spina Bifida Occulta in a Newborn Japanese Black Calf

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  • 黒毛和種新生牛にみられた小脳欠損および潜在性二分脊椎症を伴う複合奇形
  • クロゲ ワシュ シンセイギュウ ニ ミラレタ ショウノウ ケッソン オヨビ センザイセイ ニブン セキツイショウ オ トモナウ フクゴウ キケイ

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Abstract

A newborn Japanese black calf, calved from an 11-year old cow, presented with arthrogryposis of the hindlimbs, nystagmus, and gyration of its head immediately after birth. Necropsy revealed some anomalies of theoccipital bone and central nervous system. The occipital squama was flattened and the foramen magnum wasenlarged. The cerebellum could not be found and occipital lobe of cerebrum was stretched. Spina bifida occultawas present in the sacrum. Histopathlogically, the aqueduct of the Sylvius and the central canal of the medullaoblongata was opened dorsally. Based on these findings, a diagnosis of Arnold-Chiari malformation (ACM) was made. Compared with other bovine ACM cases reported in the past, ACM was thought to have resultedfrom a failure of epithelio-mesenchymal interactions at organogenesis. This may have caused the abnormalneural tube formation and anomaly of the cell migration of the mesenchyme, and those anomalies may in turnhave caused spina bifida and dysplasia of the cerebellum, cranium and vertebra. It was also thought that theabnormal shape of cerebrum was related to the dysplasia of the cerebellum.

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