THE CONSTRUCTION PROCESS AND PLANNING METHODS OF FOREIGN SETTLEMENTS

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  • 外国人居留地の建設過程と計画手法に関する研究
  • ガイコクジン キョリュウチ ノ ケンセツ カテイ ト ケイカク シュホウ ニ

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Foreign settlements were established at three times (1859, 1868, 1869) in order to trade and reside for foreigners in a treaty ports and towns. The purpose of this paper is to clarify the construction process and planning methods of all foreign settlements in Japan ; Yokohama, Nagasaki, Hakodate, Kobe, Osaka, Tokyo and Niigata. The summary is as follows : 1. Foreigner's place of residence that was various in settlement area and it's upward tendency was constructed in the following order ; a single zone of a settlement, a double zone of a settlement and a mixed-residence, and a single zone of a mixed-residence. 2. All the settlements were separated from the outer city by topographical border like Dejima in Nagasaki. From the second period after Yokohama disaster in 1866, inner spaces setted between settlement and Japanese place of residence were re-designed as a special structural street like open space and the other public space. 3. At the first period site planning was made by feet scale and a single site block-planning was main, but from the second period a double site block-planning was made with standard lot size of the range 200〜600 tsubo. 4. There were three city component-type. (1) Separately located-open port type (2) Adjacently located-open port type (3) Adjacently located-open town type. And there were various modern planning of public road and facilities, commercial placement, fire prevention, yamate residence, recreation space and so on.

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