トコ廻りを中心とした建造物の変遷

 This paper is a study on the construction and subsequent history of Tokujin-do at Koishikawa Korakuen Garden, a site designated as a Special Historic Site and a Place of Special Scenic Beauty, located in Bunkyo Ward in Tokyo. Tokujin-do was reroofed and partially repaired from December 2012 to March 2014, during which time the building was examined from both an architectural and historical point of view.<br> Until now, Tokujin-do was thought to have been built by Tokugawa Mitsukuni (1628-1701), the second feudal lord of Mito Domain, as a worship hall dedicated solely to Boyi and Shuqi, two ancient Chinese wise men he revered. However, historical sources have revealed that it was actually rebuilt during the period of July 1665 (Kanbun 5) to January 1668 (Kanbun 8) to enshrine the images of Boyi and Shuqi, which had originally been placed in Isei-do, together with the image of Taibo formerly enshrined in Shitoku-do. Furthermore, after the death of Mitsukuni, the name of the building was changed firstly to Koshi-do, then to Shaka-do. After 1718 (Kyoho 3), the name was changed again to Hachiman-do when the God Hachiman was transferred from Sanuki, the hometown of Munetaka, who was the fourth feudal lord of Mito Domain. Later in 1820 (Bunsei 3), the building enshrined solely the images of Boyi and Shuqi, changing its name once again to Tokujin-do. At this time, the images of Boyi and Shuqi together with the image of Taibo, which had until then been stored in a different place, were lost in a fire; thereafter the images of Boyi and Shuqi were made anew.<br> As stated above, so far, the changes made to Tokujin-do have by and large been revealed purely from the analysis of historical sources and not from an architectural study of the building itself. Therefore, the building was architecturally examined with a focus on and around the alcove where the images were enshrined in order to shed light on the history of Tokujin-do. The following points were made clear in the study. 1. At the time of construction, the width of the frontage of the alcove was 2 bays with one circular pillar to the east of the center of the building. The western side of the alcove was wide and shelves were placed on the eastern side. 2. In the mid-Edo period, the alcove was renovated by replacing the original circular pillars with 2 new circular pillars and changing the width of the frontage to 1 bay. 3. In the late Edo period, the ornamental beam was raised and the sheets of timber that constituted the side walls were removed. 4. The renovation process of the alcove is not inconsistent with the placement and removal of the images that occurred according to historical sources.<br> From this study, it is evident that the history of the enshrined images and the renovation process in and around the alcove is divided into 3 periods: 1. At the time of construction from 1665 to 1668 (Kanbun 5 to 8): Taibo, Boyi, Shuqi 2. From 1718 (Kyoho 3) onward: God Hachiman 3. From 1820 (Bunsei 3) to the present: Boyi, Shuqi.