要養護児童のためのグループホームにおける生活行動の実態と変化に関する事例研究

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タイトル別名
  • A STUDY ON CHILDREN'S DAILY ACTIVITIES IN GROUP HOMES
  • 要養護児童のためのグループホームにおける生活行動の実態と変化に関する事例研究 : 地域社会との関わりの観点から
  • ヨウ ヨウゴ ジドウ ノ タメ ノ グループホーム ニ オケル セイカツ コウドウ ノ ジッタイ ト ヘンカ ニ カンスル ジレイ ケンキュウ : チイキ シャカイ ト ノ カカワリ ノ カンテン カラ
  • －地域社会との関わりの観点から－
  • From the perspective of community interaction

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説明

 In Japan, with fewer children being born, the necessity of social support for children and their families is rising notably with factors such as child abuse and increase in poverty. On the contrary, the support available for raising children at a community level seems to be decreasing. Therefore, the role of residential care for children has become more significant. Children's homes need to transition from facility-based to community-based care to develop a comprehensive support system for children.<br> In this research, we focus on children's group homes operated by residential institution. The aim of this research is to clarify the advantages for children of group homes compared to residential care facilities, in terms of activities and community interaction.<br> We conducted interviews with children in 16 group homes in Chugoku region regarding where and with whom they played and went shopping, and if they interacted with the neighborhood when they stayed in residential facilities and after they moved to group homes. Then we compared the activities during those two periods and distinguished the changes. In addition, to clarify how children develop through the group home experience, we conducted interviews with staff.<br> The primary results are as follows:<br> 1. Comparing the children's activities during the residential main facility period and group home period revealed that children in group homes had more opportunity for community interaction.<br> 2. Children in group homes tended to interact more with neighbors and used the common park and amenities outside the facilities more than children in residential main facilities.<br> 3. Pre-teens and early teens went out more often to shop with staff after moving to the group home. In addition, children had the opportunity to go shopping more often when the group home purchased and cooked food themselves rather than using the catering services provided.<br> 4. The location of the home and system of operation affected the frequency of children's playtime, shopping, and interaction with neighbors. The strong connection between the group home and the residential main facilities in terms of distance, interaction, and catering limited community interaction.<br> 5. Community interaction enabled children in group homes to learn prosocial behavior and increased their independence.<br> 6. In order to enhance community interaction, it will be necessary to develop a cooperation system with the neighborhood.

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