Development of Categorization Based on Causal Relations : Preschool Children

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  • 幼児の属性間の因果関係に基づくカテゴリー判断の発達
  • ヨウジ ノ ゾクセイ カン ノ インガ カンケイ ニ モトズク カテゴリー ハンダン ノ ハッタツ

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Abstract

  The present research examined the development of categorization by young children on the basis of the causal relations of properties.  Study 1 explored whether 4- and 5-year-olds who had been told that an internal property was the cause of behavioral traits then based their categorization on the internal property.  The participants were 20 boys and 20 girls at each age level.  The results showed that the 5-year-olds were strongly influenced by the internal property, unrelated to explicit causal relations of the properties.  However, the Study 1 results did not clarify whether the children’s categorization was based on their understanding of causal relations.  Study 2 explored whether 3-, 4-, and 5-year-olds understand causal relations of properties and are influenced by internal properties.  The participants were 24 boys and 24 girls at each age level.  The results showed that the 4- and 5-year-olds could understand that an internal property was the cause of behavioral traits, and that the 5 year-olds were strongly influenced by internal properties.

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