A history of preventive measures against heat disorders

Nakai Seiichi

doi:10.11227/seikisho.48.9

In the past, heat disorders developed in workers such as coal miners as well as those in the army. The history of heat disorder prevention was evaluated.<br> In recent years, heat disorders are used as a general collective term for heat-related illnesses. Before the Meiji Period, terms such as “kakuran”, “chusho”, “etubyo”, and “etushi” were used for these illnesses. After 1950, heat disorder came into use due to the high incidence in coal mines. “Sun-stroke” was used for outdoor work and in the army.<br> In mines from 1926- the 1940s, the upper air temperature limit was 34°C. After 1970, the dry-bulb temperature measured on the ground was 33.5°C, wet-bulb temperature was 24.0°C, and the WBGT was 27.6°C; these temperatures were similar to those in the mine. As measures against heat disorders, 0.2–0.3% salt water intake was recommended in 1937, and salt supplementation was empirically considered as a commonsense measure. Regarding occupational hygiene, measures in work environment management, work management, health management, and health education are taken in the workplace.<br> In daily life, health education to prevent heat disorders is also necessary.<br>

A history of preventive measures against heat disorders

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